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The
McDonnell Douglas T-45 Goshawk is a highly modified version of the BAE Hawk
land-based training jet aircraft. Manufactured by McDonnell Douglas (now
Boeing) and British Aerospace (now BAE Systems), the T-45 is used by the United
States Navy as an aircraft carrier-capable trainer.
Design and
development
The
T-45 Goshawk is a fully carrier-capable version of the British Aerospace Hawk
Mk.60. It was developed as a jet flight trainer for the United States Navy
(USN) and United States Marine Corps (USMC).
The
Goshawk's origins began in the mid-1970s, when the US Navy began looking for
replacement for its T-2 and TA-4 trainers. The US Navy started the VTXTS
advanced trainer program in 1978. British Aerospace and McDonnell Douglas
proposed a version of the Hawk and were awarded the T-45 contract in 1981.
The
Hawk had not been designed for carrier operations and numerous modifications
were required to make it carrier-suitable. These included improvements to the
low-speed handling characteristics and a reduction in the approach speed. Other
changes were strengthened airframe, more robust and wider landing gear with
catapult tow bar attachment and an arresting hook. It features a two-wheel nose
landing gear.
The
Goshawk first flew in 1988 and became operational in 1991. BAE Systems
manufactures the fuselage aft of the cockpit, the air inlets, the vertical
stabilizer of the T-45 at Samlesbury, and the wings at Brough, England. Boeing,
which merged with McDonnell Douglas in 1997, manufactures the remainder of the
aircraft and assembles them in St. Louis, Missouri.
On
16 March 2007 the 200th airframe was delivered to the US Navy. Their
requirements call for 223 aircraft. All T-45A aircraft will eventually be
converted to a T-45C configuration under the T-45 Required Avionics
Modernization Program (T-45 RAMP).
General
characteristics
Crew
|
2
(student, instructor)
|
Length
|
39
ft 4 in (11.99 m)
|
Wingspan
|
30
ft 10 in (9.39 m)
|
Height
|
13
ft 5 in (4.08 m)
|
Wing
area
|
190.1
ft² (17.7 m²)
|
Empty
weight
|
10,403
lb (4,460 kg)
|
Max.
takeoff weight
|
14,081
lb (6,387 kg)
|
Powerplant
|
1
× Rolls-Royce Turbomeca F405-RR-401 (Adour) turbofan, 5,527 lbf (26 kN)
|
Performance
Maximum
speed
|
560
knots, (645 mph, 1,038 km/h) at 8,000 ft
|
Range
|
700
nmi (805 mi, 1288 km)
|
Service
ceiling
|
42,500
ft (12,950 m)
|
Rate
of climb
|
8,000
ft/min (40.6 m/s)
|
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